WIRELESS CHARGING TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES: CURRENT TRENDS AND ENGINEERING CHALLENGES

Abstract

Wireless charging technology (WCT) for electric vehicles (EVs) has gained significant attention as a promising alternative to traditional plug-in charging systems due to its convenience and efficiency. This paper systematically reviews 100 peer-reviewed studies on the advancements in WCT, focusing on wireless power transfer (WPT) methods such as inductive and resonant coupling, and the critical engineering challenges that limit widespread adoption. Key issues identified include power transfer efficiency, misalignment between the vehicle and charging pad, and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Additionally, this review explores the infrastructure and scalability challenges of implementing WCT in urban environments and highways, including the potential of dynamic wireless charging systems, which allow EVs to charge while in motion. Despite recent innovations, such as adaptive control systems and advanced coil designs, gaps remain in the research on long-term feasibility and standardization. This study emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaboration across technical, economic, and policy domains to support the large-scale commercialization of WCT.